- Ukryj cytowany tekst -- Pokaz cytowany tekst -kpawlak wrote:
> Z serwisu "ZSRE czyli UE":
> "Cios dla UE (ZSRE - ZcU)
> Wiceprzewodniczacy Konfederacji Przemyslu Niemieckiego Hans-Olaf Henkel
> obawia sie, ze porozumienie w sprawie wolnego handlu, osiagniete na
> szczycie amerykanskim w Quebecu, moze stac sie ciosem handlowym
> wymierzonym w Europe. Zdaniem Henkla, uzgodniony w ubiegla niedziele w
> Quebecu uklad o wolnym handlu w Amerykach (FTAA), ktory otworzy dla USA
> rynek zlozony z 800 milionow konsumentow, reprezentujacy 40 proc.
> produktu swiatowego brutto - zagraza Unii Europejskiej utrata
> dotychczasowej korzystnej pozycji w handlu z Ameryka Lacinska.
> Za wydaniem papierowym dziennika "Rzeczpospolita" z dn.
> 30.04.-01.05.2001 r."
Wydaje mi sie, ze dobrze by bylo
zaprosic Johna McGinnis na pare
wykladow w Polsce, poki nie jest
zajety....
Chicago Sun-Times:
http://www.suntimes.com/output/osullivan/osul24.html
April 24, 2001
BY JOHN O'SULLIVAN
In Quebec City last weekend, President Bush spent the summit
vigorously demonstrating that he possesses one quality his
presidential father famously lacked--namely, "the vision thing."
Bush's heroic vision is that of a hemispheric Free Trade Area of the
Americas from the Arctic to the Antarctic--from sea to frozen sea,
you might say. And it was signed by the leaders at the Americas Summit
with only one abstention: Hugo Chavez, president of Venezuela and a
romantic leftist.
Since the FTAA is not scheduled to start before 2006, however, there's
many a slip that could upset it. Let me briefly list the obstacles:
* The Latin American signatories are unlikely to ratify the treaty
unless they believe that Bush can get the "fast track" negotiating
authority needed to push it through a nervous Congress.
* And that won't be easy. To encourage the Latins to reduce their trade
barriers, Bush will need to remove protective tariffs and subsidies
from such rock-ribbed Republican constituencies as farmers,
textile manufacturers and Gov. Jeb Bush's Florida orange growers.
* Even if he succeeds in that, he still will need Democratic votes to
expand the North American Free Trade Agreement into FTAA--and the
Dems, under pressure from Big Labor, are drifting toward a kind of
economic isolationism.
* The Democrats may control Congress after the 2002 elections.
* And finally, despite their signatures, not all of the Latin American
leaders really favor a U.S.-led hemispheric economic bloc like FTAA.
The Brazilians in particular prefer Mercosur, the Latin American
bloc, in which they are the Big Piranha, and would prefer a
Mercosur trade deal with the European Union over the FTAA. They might
seize on any congressional hesitation to call the whole thing off.
Suppose, however, that Bush overcomes these obstacles--and wins the 2004
elections. He then would face the awkward fact that there is not one
"vision" of FTAA, but two very different visions.
Bush, the Republican Party, private business and most economists favor
free trade as simple, unqualified and indeed free as possible. The
theory underlying this vision, adumbrated by the distinguished legal
theorist John McGinnis in both the Chicago and Harvard law
journals, is that of "jurisdictional competition." Simply put,
genuinely free trade forces nations that have chosen different systems
of tax, welfare and regulation to compete with each other.
Businesses and taxpayers vote with their feet by moving from one
"jurisdiction" (i.e., country) to another. And under jurisdictional
competition--a kind of international economic mimicry of U.S.
federalism--the system "wins" that attracts the most businesses
and high-earners and so creates the most prosperity and jobs.
Generally speaking, the winners in this marketplace of governments
tend to be low-tax, lightly regulated economies with workfare rather
than welfare.
The other "vision" disparages jurisdictional competition as "a race to
the bottom." It wants instead to "harmonize" tax, welfare and
regulatory
policies across different jurisdictions so that no one can escape
interventionist and high-tax governments. This vision would turn
the trade agreement into a cartel of governments and make "free
trade" a vehicle for extending regulations rather than restraining them.
Not surprisingly, this sort of FTAA is the vision of the Quebec
protesters, labor unions, social democratic governments (some in
Latin America), left-wing non-governmental organizations and the
lawyers and bureaucrats who run international bodies such as the
European Union, Mercosur and the World Trade Organization and who would
therefore be harmonizing all our tax rates. It was expressed very
neatly by a Sierra Club spokesman in Quebec who, apparently forgetting
the usual claim of the protesters that they are defending national
sovereignty against "globalization," said that U.S. companies ought to
be compelled to follow American regulations even when operating in
foreign countries.
Which vision is likely to prevail? Well, as the great Welsh socialist
Aneurin Bevan used to say: "Why look into the crystal ball when you
can read the book?"
Thirty years ago a continental free-trade organization on the George W.
Bush model existed in the European Common Market. Conservative
politicians praised it on the grounds that its jurisdictional
competition "made socialism impossible." Today it has transmogrified
into the European Union, where bureaucrats regulate everything from
the size of condoms to the strength of beer, and which is currently
proposing to crack down on "harmful tax competition" (i.e., low
taxes).
Bush--who reached out to the Quebec protesters with a promise to protect
U.S. labor and environmental standards--may not fully realize the danger
of a similarly gradual transformation of the FTAA into a system of
continental regulation. He could guard against it very effectively by
appointing the alert John McGinnis as his watchdog on trade,
international law and U.S. sovereignty.